‘It is from society and not from the individual that...

‘It is from society and not from the individual that morality derives’ (Durkheim 1974: 61). According to Emile Durkheim ‘morality begins with the membership and life of a group†¦and that society creates all moral codes, not individuals’ (Durkheim 1974: 37). He stated that an individual cannot exist without society or deny it, without denying himself. Zygmunt Bauman however disagrees and believes morality is a pre-social impulse and therefore does not originate in society. In this essay I will first explore Durkheim’s theory of morality. I will then interrogate Durkheim’s claim that moral values come from society and are solely directed towards society by examining Bauman’s critique of his theory exemplified in ‘Modernity and the†¦show more content†¦He contended that for us to become the agents of an act and therefore perform a said act, it must interest our sensibility and appear to us as desirable (1974:36). Thus Du rkheim identified obligation and desirability as the two essential characteristics of moral acts. These characteristics are never paired with individuals acting in their own egoistic interests but rather they are linked to the good of society ‘with the condition that society be always considered as being qualitatively different from the individual beings that compose it’ (1974: 37). Desirability to Durkheim meant an individual would only desire to act moral for morality’s sake as the individual did not benefit or understand the reasons he was being commanded to obey (Durkheim 1974: 45). Durkheim argued that it is impossible to desire a morality other than the one given to us by society. He continued by expressly stating that ‘to desire a morality other than that implied by nature of society is to deny the latter end, and consequently, oneself (1974:38). He explained that this ‘moral reality’ appears to us under two different aspects that must be clearly distinguished: the objective and the subjective’ (Durkheim, 1974:40). He believed that there exists a general morality common to all individuals belonging to a collectivity, even though each mind experiences moral rules differently. Durkheim referred to morality as existingShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesdilemmas. The book engages in an imaginative way with a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insightful examples from the practical world of organizations. The authors’ sound scholarship and transparent style of writing set the book apart, making it an ingenious read which invites reflexivity, criticalness and plurality of opinion from the audience. This is a book that will become a classic in organization studies. Mihaela L. Kelemen, Professor of Management Studies, KeeleRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesWeidemann-Book Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2011, 2007, 2005, 2002, 1998 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction

Want and Mr. Fielding - 2095 Words

A Date for the Theatre Mike Hello, Jack. Why the rush? Where are you going? Jack Hello, Mike. Im on my way to meet Joyce at the station. Were having dinner at a Chinese restaurant and then were off to the theatre. Mike Do you often go to the theatre? Jack Yes, Joyce and I usually go at least once a fortnight; sometimes more. Do you ever go? Mike Yes, but I dont often find time these days. There are so many other things to do. Jack True, true. Mike Listen, perhaps Janet and I can arrange to meet you and Joyce one Saturday evening. We can have dinner together and go on to a theatre. Jack Thats a good idea. Look, I forget the name of the play, but theres a good comedy on at the Theatre Royal next week. If you like, I can book four†¦show more content†¦Andy Yes, so his teachers say. But he deserves to do well. Hes always been so conscientious and hard-working, and hes been slaving at his books every evening for months on end recently. He wants to go to Oxford University next year. Susan Maybe hell become a university lecturer himself eventually. Andy Maybe. But I think he studies too hard; I sometimes wish hed go out and enjoy himself for a change. Susan Yes... What about the younger one? Andy Well, James teachers say that he has ability, but that hes too inconsistent and that he rarely does his best. In other words, hes not bad when he makes an effort, but hes too idle. He couldnt care less about exams. He does his homework in ten minutes every evening and then rushes out to play tennis. Susan Hes crazy about tennis, isnt he? Perhaps he can make his fortune at it. You can make more money from sport than from an old-fashioned profession these days. Andy So I believe. But my wife always worries about the childrens future. She wants James to give up tennis and study law, but I dont believe in forcing boys to take up careers theyre not cut out for. I wonder how Jamesll develop in a couple of years time! After the Exams Malcolm What did you think of the exams, Pete? I reckon they were dead easy. Pete Maybe they were easy enough for you but they were much too hard for me. Malcom Oh, come on. Youve probably done better than you think. Pete No, Im dead certain Ive failed inShow MoreRelated Marriage Issues in Tom Jones Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesMarriage Issues in Tom Jones      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout Tom Jones by Henry Fielding, there are many examples of marriage. There is Squire Westerns marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Fitzpatricks marriage, the mentions of Allworthys wife, the marriage of Nightengale and Nancy, and the marriage of Nightengales cousin and the clergyman, and finally the marriage of Tom and Sophia. Some of these marriages end with a happy ending and some do not and we, the reader, are supposed to look at these marriages andRead MoreThe Enigma by John Fowles Essay793 Words   |  4 Pagespoints of the story such as the sergeants role in the case, his similarities to the main character as well as his relationship with the son of the main characters girlfriend, and what is ultimately uncovered in the end. When John Marcus Fielding disappeared, he therefore contravened all social and statistical probability. Fifty-seven years old, rich, happily married with a son and two daughters; on the board of several City companies...but the most profoundly anomalous aspect of his case Read MoreThe Difficulty of English- Indian Friendship in A Passage to India1582 Words   |  7 PagesForster uses personal relationships between Mrs. Moore and Adela, and the Indians to examine the theme of friendship between Englishwomen and Indians. Adela and Mrs. Moore question the standard behaviors of the English towards the Indians and try to connect with the Indians at the Bridge Party and at Fieldings afternoon tea. However, Mrs. Moores curiosity to see the real India is, unlike that of Adelas, bolstered by a genuine affection for Indians. Thus, Mrs. Moore breaks the distrust that ForsterRead More A Passage To India Essays1069 Words   |  5 Pagesinhabitants. Miss Quested and Mrs. Moore begin their passage to India in order to attend the marriage of Miss Quested. Miss Quested plans on being united in marriage with Mrs. Moore’s son Ronny Heaslop. Excitement abounds the two women on their new adventure. Their first night in India, Ronny Heaslop takes Mrs. Moore and Miss Quested to the â€Å"Club†. This club is a private club for the British intellect only. Much like our modern day golf clubs that are members only. Mrs. Moore leaves the club and meetsRead MoreAnalysis Of A Passage Of India 1253 Words   |  6 Pageslook at in great detail was in Chapter XXIX (29). Fielding has been conversing with Miss Quested as she stays in the college and grows to know her better. The scene begins, in my book, on page 260 with â€Å"Her humility was touching† and continues through to page 262, ending with â€Å" That Marabar case which broke down because the poor girl couldn’t face giving her evidence-- that was another bad case.† Through the book, we have watched Adela, Fielding, and Aziz interact through the story, though one personRead MoreAnalysis Of Forester s A Passage Of India Essay1223 Words   |  5 Pages The characters Fielding and Aziz in E.M. Forester’s A Passage to India differ greatly when it comes to the integration and development of the intimate relationships in their lives. While Fielding starts off having close to none of these vital relationships in his reality, he soon leaves behind this meaningless way of life and begins interacting with people in more complex and intimate ways. Aziz, on the other hand, seems to start the novel much more open to these relationships, forgetting most ofRead MoreEssay on Tom Jones1082 Words   |  5 PagesTom Jones Tom Jones, by Henry Fielding is a novel that is identical to a soap opera. This book deals with everything from treachery to lust to deceit. He writes about a man and woman’s love for one another and that nothing can stand in their way. Class separates them and they will not let that stop them. â€Å"Acquired a discretion and prudence very uncommon in one of his lively parts.† This is a quote from Squire Allworthy to Tom. I believe that Fielding’s purpose in writing this novelRead Moreï » ¿Would it be correct to say that in Tom Jones, Fielding considers marriage to be a mere socio- economic arrangements under which women feel continuously suppressed? Discuss.1005 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Would it be correct to say that in Tom Jones, Fielding considers marriage to be a mere socio- economic arrangements under which women feel continuously suppressed? Discuss. The true history of the English countryside has been centred throughout in the problems of property in land, and in the consequent social and working relationships. By the eighteenth century, nearly half of the cultivated land was owned by some five thousand families. As a central form of this predominance, four hundred familiesRead MoreSummary Of A Passage Of India 1404 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish entering India, he wants to befriend them and become acquaintances. A friend of his, Muhammad Ali disapproves of this idea and tells him it will never work out. Determined to prove him wrong, Aziz is soon encountered by Mrs.Moore, a woman from England who has come to India. The two of them get to know each other and he escorts her to the Chandrapore club, where Indians are not permitted. There she meets Adela Quested, who is to marry Ronny, her son. Adela wants to see the real India and soonRead MoreDear Society : Unmasking The Narrative And Ideological Elements Of Joseph Andrews1460 W ords   |  6 PagesThese literary responses largely imitated Richardson’s style, yet challenged the irreproachable virtue of his protagonist. They served to provide an alternate perspective to Pamela’s tale, typically portraying her as a scheming social climber. Henry Fielding participated in this literary backlash, publishing his own parody Shamela in 1741. However, the next year he wrote Joseph Andrews, which, while inarguably satirical, uses the model of Pamela’s virtue as a springboard into a novel that transcends

Horace kephart free essay sample

Stokers, were married in 1861 , and the following year she gave birth to Horace Gephardt. Gephardt would later reflect that his special passion for the mountains may have been inherited from Swiss ancestors, who were among the earliest settlers west of the Susquehanna River. L Soon young Gephardt would find himself on an Iowa farm, only to discover that passion later in life. While living on the farm, the young Gephardt established his sense of adventure that would be the foundation for the rest of his life. He soon became content on being alone in his adventures around the farm land.After is mother taught him how to read, she gave him the book, Robinson Crusoe. He literally acted out the life of Crusoe by dressing like him, making a hatchet and knife and even stocking a small cave he built with possessions that would warrant his survival. The book stayed with Gephardt all of his life. His love for reading and books led him to be a librarian. He also studied history and political science. After his formal education he married Laura White Mack and together they had two sons and four daughters. He was a father who wanted to spend time with his children but on his terms.While living in SST. Louis, he would take his family to the rifle range and teach them to shoot. He would also bring home Native American artifacts that were part of the Mercantile Library where Gephardt worked. Once he found his son George playing with ancient bow and arrows; but instead of scolding the boy he patiently explained the historic value of the pieces. 2 Gephardt would spend his time studying maps of the frontier and take camping trips alone experimenting with equipment. His wife, Laura, was not pleased with this, and the children were tiring of his consistent outdoor epistyle.The responsibilities of raising a family and being stuck in a house and library proved to be too much for Gephardt. He had developed a drinking problem and along with a traumatic experience in a vicious storm his life began to crumble. He had outcast himself from many significant people including his superiors at the library and more importantly his family. He resigned his position, and when his family was out of money Laura took the kids to her familys home in Ithaca, New York. Gephardt soon had a complete nervous breakdown, and his father took him back to his home in Dayton,Ohio. During his recovery, he desired 3 objectives: to live in a wilderness setting, to continue his literary career, and to contribute to periodicals and the technicalities of librarianship. With the support and understanding of his wife and children, he left for Asheville, North Carolina, in late July or early August 1904. Gephardt was in poor health and wanted to rehabilitate himself in the mountains. After consulting with a local doctor he made his first camp near Dicks Creek close to the Tuskegee River. He lived in a small tent from August 7th till October 30th.He immediately started recording details of the forest, mountains, wildlife and the way of life of the inhabitants of the area. The process of making buttermilk, cider and sorghum intrigued him as well as the Indian reservation, trout fishing and the plants of the mountains. One of the most significant observations that Gephardt made was the language and speech used throughout the mountains of North Carolina. Horace Asphalts contributions to the understanding of Appalachian speech consisted of two published works and a considerable body of notes-3 The more significant of the two is mound in Asphalts masterpiece, Our Southern Highlanders.Asphalts Our Southern Highlanders is widely known as the standard for which other books on Appalachia are judged. Not only is it historical, it also gives the reader a realistic description of how the mountain dwellers of the time lived under primitive conditions and includes an examination o f the culture found in the Appalachian Mountains. Gephardt dedicates one chapter to the dialect of the mountains. It was the first serious effort from any of the local color writers of that era.Asphalts observations in the field and his prior writing experience separated him from he other local colorist. His detailed notes, which can be found at the Hunter Library at Western Carolina university, are a testimony to his commitment to preserving the language and culture of the mountains. The Scotch-Irish spoke a dialect in the eighteenth century that was then a version of a dialect already old by the time of Elizabeth. 4 His fascination with relic forms (betwixt between; ferment near to) helped to promote the erroneous notion that mountain speech was largely Elizabethan. Asphalts initiative to learn the terms used in the dialect was beneficial to his understanding of the culture in the mountains, thus it allowed him to write an autobiographical account of his life during the time he spent in the Great Smoky Mountains. His devotion to The Mountain Dialect is a clear indication of his significance in the study of Appalachian culture. The use of the dialect can be found throughout Our Southern Highlanders. Our Southern Highlanders, first published in 1913, is a detailed description of the mountains and their people.It offers a social and cultural description Of the people as well as a historical and geographical offering of the Appalachian Mountains. Gephardt writes of the immense vegetation found throughout the mountains in the form of flora and fauna as well as the elevations and significant peaks of the region. While many local color writers and publications would stereotype the mountain dwellers, Gephardt was determined to give an accurate description of the people that fascinated him. He finds the mountain people to be self-sufficient and capable of living without the modern technology that was being used in the cities. He found a yeomans mentality being preserved in the hollows and communities of the mountains that he had longed for in his own life. Gephardt relished the manliness of his neighbors in the North Carolina Mountains even when their conception of manhood precipitated violent behavior. 6 The feuds with other neighbors and the resistance to change could instigate that violence. His descriptions were of a lean, self-reliant man, completely loyal to his family, who possessed intelligence and energy, yet not found in the inhabitants of the cities.Gephardt also describes the way of life for the mountaineer in the form of a bear hunt, the tub mill and one of asphalts favorite subjects, the moonshine still. The stereotype presented in many of the local color publications were not accurate, but through detailed, written imagery and careful note-taking, Gephardt managed to write one of the most important nonfiction books about Appalachian culture. His passion for the mountain culture is preserved in Our Southern Highlanders as well as his conviction for the protection of the Great Smoky Mountains in the form of a national park. Establishing a national park on the eastern side of the United States proved to be challenging for advocates and the government. The land in the western part of the country for already owned by the federal government, but the Great Smoky Mountains were made up of 6600 privately owned tracts held by lumber companies and local residents. In the cuss, Gephardt began his campaign to preserve the Great Smoky Mountains as a national park. Along with fellow hiker, George Mamas, who was a famous photographer, Gephardt wrote articles, letters, and a booklet that led the cause accompanied by Mamas photographs of the area.He revealed the damaged being done by the logging operations and expressed the urgent need to preserve the beauty of the Smokiest. While Gephardt and Mamas fought to establish a park, local community leaders impede on board believing that a park would help the local economies and build roads. This was not the crusade the Gephardt was fighting for, but rather a park that did no t have the tourism that had already corrupted natural wonders like Niagara Falls which prevented it from becoming a national park. There was also the issue of the lumber companies wanting to make the land a national forest, which would allow the continued harvesting of the trees. Gephardt responded to this on July 9th, 1 925, with an article in the Asheville Times. His response was: I have the best of good will for the Forest Service and all that it stands for. The waste land left by former lumbering must be reforested, of course, and the federal government is the proper agency to effect it.But if the Smoky Mountain region were turned into a national forest instead of a national park, the 50,000 to 60,000 acres of original forests that we have left, would be robbed of their big trees. They would be the first to go. Why should this last stand of splendid, irreplaceable trees be sacrificed to the greedy maw of the sawmill? Why should future generations be robbed of all to see with their own eyes what a real forest, a real wildfowl, a real unimproved work of God, is like The race was on by both Tennessee and North Carolina to raise the money needed to acquire the land for the park. Gephardt participated by preparing articles about the mountains and in publicity to generate funds. He also wrote the promotional booklet titled, A National Park in the Great Smoky Mountains. Some of his writings proved to be the most important during the advocacy and establishment of the national park. Without his commitment to the project, the park might not have been a reality. He was adamant in explaining why the region should be preserved, and with the help of George Mamas photography to back up Asphalts claims, the Great Smoky Mountain National Park became a reality. Gephardt also participated in another project, The Appalachian Trail.Benton McKay, creator of the trail, would eventually begin at Springer Mountain in Georgia and end on Mount Katydid in Maine. Gephardt was instrumental in plotting the route the trail followed through the Smokiest and on into North Georgia. 8 Gephardt mapped the trail to follow as much of the crest of the Smokiest as possible. A hiker would be able to hike directly on the state line that divided Tennessee and North Carolina. For Asphalts advocacy and commitment to the development of the park and the Appalachian Trail, the United States Geographic Board honored Gephardt by naming a peak eight miles northeast of Clansmans Dome.There is also a trail named in his honor eight miles south of Newfound Gap. At the end of the two mile trail, the Gephardt Prong shelter awaits for the wary hiker. Gephardt died at the age of 68 on April 2, 1 931 , in a car accident near Bryon City, North Carolina. Gephardt and his friend, Fishwife Trenton, who was a writer from Georgia, had hired a taxi to take them to a local bootlegger. On he way back, the driver of the taxi lost control of the car. With his wife and two sons in attendance, Gephardt was buried in Bryon City on April 5. His grave is marked with a large boulder and plaque which reads: Scholar, Author, Outdoors.He loved his neighbors and pictured them in Our Southern Highlanders. His vision helped to create the Great Smoky National Park. Further research into the life Of Horace Gephardt can begin in several places, but to get an understanding of why he was so passionate about the Smokiest, the Deep Creek and the Hazel Creek areas outside of Bryon City are a good place to start. Along the Deep Creek trail at campsite #57, Asphalts last permanent campsite is marked with a millstone. For the more adventurous historian, the Hazel Creek area is a longer journey and can be reached by boat or by an overnight backpacking excursion.The buildings and cabins of the community are long gone, but with proper guidance or research the clearings that once were occupied by Asphalts neighbors are marked with roses. The Sugar Fork trail leaves this area and follows an old road that leads to the Everett Mines. Along the Little Fork River, on a level area, is where Asphalts cabin once stood. Visiting this area can give a historian a hands-on, realistic view of the terrain and remoteness of a mountaineers homestead. A historian can realize the difficulty of farming the land to support its family and the hardships that they endured due to the remoteness. This is the area that Gephardt had been dreaming of to distance him from the civilization of the 20th century so that he could live out his frontier desideratum. This is also where he found the dialect used by the mountaineers that he wrote about in Our Southern Highlanders. This Was a paradise for Gephardt and the perfect place for him to rite about the wilderness and its occupants. In 2012, there will be guided hikes to Asphalts cabin site as part of the 1st annual Horace Gephardt Days Celebration in Bryon City. Many of these writings can be found at the North Carolina Room in the Pack Memorial Library in Asheville, North Carolina.The collection includes many boxes containing notebooks, personal items, original transcripts of his writings and letters from his wife. The largest collection of Gephardt artifacts are in the Special Collections center at the Hunter Library at Western Carolina university. This collection includes hundreds of Asphalts personal letters, went-seven of Gephardt journals, photographs, his hand drawn maps of the Hazel Creek area that he made in 1905, personal belongings at the time of his death and his personal library.These were once housed at the Great Smoky Mountains National Park Headquarters near Gatlinburg. Even though Septets life was shortened by the tragic car accident in 1931 , his legacy remains with the establishment of the Great Smoky National Park and Our Southern Highlanders. Without these significant accomplishments, we would not have a passport into a land of primeval forest and the people who inhabited it.

The revolution free essay sample

Therfore equitorial regions are warm during most of the year, amnd do not experince very cold temperatures. They tend to experince on long warm season interrupted by periods of drought and rainfall each year. Regions far away from the equator, in middle and high latitudes, have for seasons-spring, summer, autumn and winter. Summer and winter are usually the longest. Autumn and spring are shorter seasons which occur between winter and summers. Fig 1 . 1) it) Varying lenths of day and night at different times of the year The Earths axis is inclined at an angle of 661/20 . this eliptic plane is the path which the Earth revolves around the sun. its this inclination that causes differences in the lenth of days and nights in the nothern and southern hemisphere. When it is summer in the nothern hemisphere, longer daylight is experinces than night time. On 21 June, all areas in the northen hemisphere experince the longest day and shortest night. We will write a custom essay sample on The revolution or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Similarly, during the southern Summer, days become longer than nights, reaching aclimax here areas south of the Antarctic Circle experince 24 hours of daylight. iii) Changes in the altitude of the midday day sun. The movement of the Earth in its orbit around the sun creates apparent cahnges in the position of the midday sun. The sun is vertically overhead at the equator twice a year (called equinox)that is, on 21 march and 23 september . At these two periods, the at the Tropic of Cancer (231 /2N). This is called summer solstice. n Dec 22 at the tropic of Capricon (231/2 ON)in the Southern hemisphere its called Winter solstice. This means that sun appears to move towards the north , then back to the equator , hen towards the south and back to the equator. 2. Effects of Earths Rotation The movement of the Earth on its axi is known as rotation. Nomally the Earth moves in an anticlockwise manner that is from West to East. It takes 24 hours to complete one rotation. Through an angle of 36 00. This means that it rotates through 150 in one hour or through 1 degeree in every 4 minutes. The rotation of the Earth causes the following events: i) Creates day and Night- daytime occurs when one side of the Earth faces the sun , while the opposite remains in darkness or night time. The length of night varies from equatot towards the poles. Places along the equator experinces 12 hours of day time and 12 hours of night-time as shown (Fig 1. 2) it) The sun is visible for 24 hours at the Arctic Circle when it is overhead at the Tropic of cancer (231/20 N) in the nothern hemisphere in June iii) It causes the diflection of wind and ocean currents to the right in the Nothen hemisphere and to the left on the southern Hemisphre. This is as aresult of Coriolis Effect which is an apparent curventure of global winds, ocean currents and anything else that moves freely across the Eaths surface, due the rotation of the earth on its axis v) It causes the ising winds and falling ocean tides v) It causes a difference of 1 hour between two longitudes Far Sides and Moon Phases It takes about 29 days for the moon to make one complete orbit around the Earth. Thats also how long it takes the moon to make one rotation around its axis. Because the moons rotation and orbit take the same amount of time, we always see the same face of the moon no matter when we look at it. If the moon didnt rotate, we would be able to see all sides of its surface. Likewise, if the moons rotation were faster or slower, wed eventually get a glimpse of the entire moon. Gravitaional force. So why does the moon rotate only once each time it orbits the Earth? This is due to the force of gravity. The pull on the moon of from the Earth has slowed the moons rotation down to its current speed. Its rotation is locked with the time it takes to orbit the Earth. Interestingly, the moon is doing the same thing to the Earth. Ever feel like the days are getting longer? They are. But the change is so gradual youd never notice it. Still, in a few billion years, the Earths rotation will match the time it takes the moon to orbit the Earth. By that time, the moon and Earth will have drifted apart from ach other a bit, which means it will take a little longer for the moon to travel around the Earth to the tune of about 40 days or so. That means that in the future, one Earth day will equal 40 of our current Earth days, or about 960 hours. Once the Earths rotation matches the time it takes for the moon to orbit the Earth, the same side of Earth will face the moon all the time. Does that mean that if you were to travel through time to the future, travel to the right spot on Earth and stare up at the sky youd always be able to see the moon? The answer is no, and it has to do with the phases of the moon. A common misconception about the moon is that a new moon occurs when the Earth blocks light from the sun, casting the moon into shadow. In fact, during a new moon the moon is between the sun and the Earth. Imagine that youre in a room that has only one light source shining into it from one side. Someone walks between you and the light source. You wouldnt be able to make out any details, but you could see the person in silhouette. Thats exactly what a new moon is. A full moon is when the Earth is between the moon and the sun. Going back to our example, imagine that you have your back to a light source and someone is standing n front of you. Youd be able to see that person clearly. Thats the same as a full moon. Whether its a full moon or a new moon, youre still looking at the same side of the moon the near side. During a new moon, youre looking at the near side during lunar nighttime. With a full moon, its the near sides version of noon. So theres no permanent dark side of the moon, but there is a far side thats still mostly a mystery to us. Because the moons bulk would block radio signals to and from the Earth, it may be years before engineers come up with a way to explore the far side to a greater extent.

Meaning and Origin of the Surname Duda

Meaning and Origin of the Surname Duda From the Polish noun duda, meaning bagpipes or bad musician, the common Polish surname Duda is most likely an occupational surname for one who played the bagpipes or, possibly, one who played them badly.  A dudy  is a form of bagpipe with a single reed in the chanter, common in the southern and western areas of Bohemia in the Czech Republic, and in  parts of Poland and Austria.   Another possible meaning, suggested by Polish name expert Prof. Kazimierz Rymut in his book Nazwiska Polakow (The Surnames of Poles), is one who made a lot of needless noise. Duda is among the 50 most common Polish surnames.   Surname Origin: Polish, Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak Alternate Surname Spellings:  DUDDA, DADA Where do People with the Surname DUDA Live? According to Slownik nazwisk wspolczesnie w Polsce uzywanych, Directory of Surnames in Current Use in Poland, which covers about 94% of the population of Poland, there were 38,290 Polish citizens with the Duda surname living in Poland in 1990.   Famous People with the Surname DUDA Lucas Duda - American professional MLB baseball playerAndrzej Sebastian Duda - Polish lawyer and politician; sixth President of Poland Genealogy Resources for the Surname DUDA Duda Family Tree DNA Surname ProjectMale individuals with the Duda or Dudda surname can come together with other Duda researchers interested in using a combination of Y-DNA testing and traditional genealogical research to connect Duda families back to common ancestors. Duda Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Duda surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Duda surname query. DistantCousin.com - DUDA Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Duda. Looking for the meaning of a given name? Check out First Name MeaningsCant find your last name listed? Suggest a surname to be added to the Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins. Sources Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1967. Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Bergenfield, NJ: Avotaynu, 2005. Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Bergenfield, NJ:  Avotaynu, 2004. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. Hoffman, William F. Polish Surnames: Origins and Meanings. Chicago:  Polish Genealogical Society, 1993. Rymut, Kazimierz. Nazwiska Polakow. Wroclaw: Zaklad Narodowy im. Ossolinskich - Wydawnictwo, 1991. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Free Essays on Nature and Loneliness

Nature and Loneliness Poetry has themes in them that are at times hard to decipher. In the poems â€Å"Once by the Pacific,† â€Å"Acquainted with the night,† and â€Å"Tree at my Window,† by Robert Frost all have similar themes. Each of these poems has the theme of nature and loneliness. Also, the first two poems have a negative tone to them. In the sonnet â€Å"Once by the Pacific,† nature is brought up as the theme because the whole poem deals with talking about a rough ocean and a rocky cliff. Frost is describing a beach seen which seems to be just around dusk. Also, the way he is talking sounds like the there also might be a storm coming in because he is talking he says, â€Å"Someone had better be prepared for great rage. There would be more then ocean water-broken.† (DiYanni 578) That line gives the reader the impression that there might be a violent storm coming into that beach area. Rage could also be a foreshadowing of Frosts’ father being violent. â€Å"The rage discovered in the natural world, with its threat of dangerous storm, was not unlike the rage often found in Will Frost, who might well erupt before the household lamps were extinguished on any given night.† (Parni 14) This could mean why the seen was so gloomy to Frost. In this sonnet loneliness is shown too because there is nothing pleasant said. This could show that the writer was isolated and unhappy. This sonnet also has a very negative tone to it. Frost shows a dark dreary side in this sonnet. Everything that is written in the poem shows gloom towards the coastline he is looking at. In Frost’s poem â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† he shows loneliness again as a main theme. In this poem it is easier to see it because it is talking about a man who walks around city streets alone at night. He talks about how he walks around the city in any weather condition and also about what he sees on his nightly walks. Loneliness is evident when frost says,... Free Essays on Nature and Loneliness Free Essays on Nature and Loneliness Nature and Loneliness Poetry has themes in them that are at times hard to decipher. In the poems â€Å"Once by the Pacific,† â€Å"Acquainted with the night,† and â€Å"Tree at my Window,† by Robert Frost all have similar themes. Each of these poems has the theme of nature and loneliness. Also, the first two poems have a negative tone to them. In the sonnet â€Å"Once by the Pacific,† nature is brought up as the theme because the whole poem deals with talking about a rough ocean and a rocky cliff. Frost is describing a beach seen which seems to be just around dusk. Also, the way he is talking sounds like the there also might be a storm coming in because he is talking he says, â€Å"Someone had better be prepared for great rage. There would be more then ocean water-broken.† (DiYanni 578) That line gives the reader the impression that there might be a violent storm coming into that beach area. Rage could also be a foreshadowing of Frosts’ father being violent. â€Å"The rage discovered in the natural world, with its threat of dangerous storm, was not unlike the rage often found in Will Frost, who might well erupt before the household lamps were extinguished on any given night.† (Parni 14) This could mean why the seen was so gloomy to Frost. In this sonnet loneliness is shown too because there is nothing pleasant said. This could show that the writer was isolated and unhappy. This sonnet also has a very negative tone to it. Frost shows a dark dreary side in this sonnet. Everything that is written in the poem shows gloom towards the coastline he is looking at. In Frost’s poem â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† he shows loneliness again as a main theme. In this poem it is easier to see it because it is talking about a man who walks around city streets alone at night. He talks about how he walks around the city in any weather condition and also about what he sees on his nightly walks. Loneliness is evident when frost says,...

Irish Soap Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Irish Soap Culture - Essay Example This paper is built around the central idea that soaps structure and inform the realities of many, and examines the phenomenon of soap operas in Ireland within this theoretical framework. The term 'soap opera' bears little resemblance to the nature of the genre itself, and is a curious amalgam of connotations. The origins of the term, which brings to mind a visual image quite unlike anything that is actually the content of a soap opera, have evolved - or perhaps 'mutated' is a better word - into the current avatar of the genre, the history of the nomenclature of which may be pieced together through a brief examination of the semantics of the term. It combines various ideas, as analyzed in this description: The "soap" in soap opera alluded to their sponsorship by manufacturers of household cleaning products; while "opera" suggested an ironic incongruity between the domestic narrative concerns of the daytime serial and the most elevated of dramatic forms. ("Soap Opera," paragraph 1) As the term itself suggests, the patterns of plot and characterization in soap operas have reached a generic level, and many theorists have identified several distinctive features of the genre. M. E. Brown has identified the following as the generic characteristics of soap operas: According to Robert C. ... 6. male characters who are 'sensitive men' 7. female characters who are often professional and otherwise powerful in the world outside the home 8. the home, or some other place which functions as the home, as the setting for the show. (Brown, 1987, paragraph 1) According to Robert C. Allen in Speaking of Soap Operas, there is much ambiguity involved in the attempted definition of the genre. He writes: "Since the 1930s the soap opera has been defined by what it pretends to be but is not, by what it lacks rather than what it is" (2). He points out that with reference to the definitions of what soap operas are, "we need to examine not only what was said about soap operas but also what was assumed and left unsaid" (12). Allen speaks in terms of the soap opera's "sense of kitsch," and opines that the soap has "eventual psychosocial consequences [on] mass culture, suggesting that the agenda of the soap opera is to take the "place of art in the lives of the masses," and that "what has taken place is nothing less than a subversion of an important part of the social order" (18). Therefore, he suggests that the objective of the soap opera is to undermine the fabric of society itself by seeking to replace the role that art has traditionally played in society. Helena Sheehan, author of Irish Television Drama: A Society and Its Stories, points out that soap operas originated with the supposed attempt to represent society, and followed a distinct and recurring pattern which could easily be identified as well as predicted as one was subjected to a series of soap operas all revolving around the same ideas. She writes that many soap operas create the illusion that what they are presenting to their audiences are grand but authentic portrayals of reality,

Human resource management strategy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human resource management strategy - Case Study Example The author has rightly presented that in the past two decades, there has been a trend towards employee relations where businesses are turning towards maintaining good relationships with their employees. The modern business environment demands that an organisation have a good relationship with the employees in order to be competitive in the market. In the earlier days, employees were treated like they did not matter to the firm and the employer had all the power. The modern business environment has given power to the employee, leaving the employer to have to reconsider the way he or she treats the employees. Organisations which are good at treating their employee in a positive way are able to gain a competitive edge in the market and those which are not able to develop a good relationship with the employees are left behind and eventually pushed out of the market. Firms have to know how to engage the employees. Engaged employees are those employees who are willing to go the extra mile with regard to the services they offer the firm. Employee engagement leads to a psychological contract that the employee feels obliged to fulfil. This psychological contract is what makes employees be creative and innovative and help the firm to be competitive in the market. As a result, many firms have tried to develop strategies to increase and maintain employee engagement as well as manage the psychological contract.... This psychological contract is what makes employees to be creative and innovative and help the firm to be competitive in the market (Banfield & Kay, 2012). As a result, many firms have tried to develop strategies to increase and maintain employee engagement as well as manage the psychological contract. Advice to McBride Offering Equity in the Firm The many solutions that have been offered are all useful in managing such a situation. However, there are other ideas for managing the situation that may be more applicable to the situation. As discussed above, the main issue is managing employees’ engagement and psychological contract. One of the main ways of doing this is offering employees equity in the firm. By offering the employees equity in the firm, McBride will not need to increase their salary, yet the employees will have been motivated because they will know that any expansion in the business will lead to them benefiting in the long run. This will also increase the employe es’ engagement since they will feel that they are working for themselves and not for the firm. Offering autonomy Giving the employees autonomy in what they do will also be an easy way to increase their morale. Although this may not work so well on itself, when applied together with giving the employees equity in the firm, it can result in a highly motivated and engaged workforce. This will be more applicable with the older employee who have been in the firm and are looking for personal growth than salary increment. Question three Training The first area would be on training. As Sharma (2009) says, training is a very good investment for any business and also helps in motivating the employees. In other

Mexican society Essay Example for Free

Mexican society Essay Mariano Azuela’s, The Underdogs, is full of characters that represent different sections of the Mexican society at the time of the Mexican Revolution around 1910 and each responds to the war according to their own circumstances and needs. The first such character is Demetrio Macias, a peace loving Indian, representing the poor peasants. His only interest is to protect what little he has. He is drawn into the revolution when he is being hunted by the soldiers of a political leader and he has to abandon his wife and child and watch the soldiers destroy his house. Demetrio responds by putting together a band of sharpshooting bandits who are wanted for various crimes they have committed At the start, Demetrio is full of noble ideas and wants to fight for the poor while taking from the rich, something like Robin Hood. The group is focused and meets with success. However as his group grows larger it becomes more difficult to control, because with each victory comes power and with that the demands. For instance, after each successful battle they feel justified in taking all girls above twelve years of age to â€Å"service† them. As time goes on, the rebels themselves forget what they are fighting for and start taking from the rich and poor alike Luis Cervantes, is a student portraying the educated middle class. He is captured by Demetrio’s men and manages to convince them that is a deserter of Huertas army and was actually trying to join them. He is unhappy with the treachery, and corruption in the Huertas’ army. The unnecessary meanness of the soldiers, rape, burning of homes, looting, torture, murdering of children. 1 Luis is a young man with ideals and a vision for the future. He believes that doing away with the crooked politicians will make Mexico a better place for everyone. While he imparts his wisdom on the bandits, some of them speculate if that is indeed what they are really all about, while majority just dreams about the booty the next town will bring. Luis’ unsuccessful attempts at conveying his insight to the bandits eventually cause him to change his direction and go in search of a business venture instead. The next characters we meet in the story are two women, who symbolize the role of the fairer sex in the Mexican war. First there is Camilla, who provides services such as cooking, or caring for the wounded. Although initially she comes across as a meek person, we see eventually that she is really a strong woman who has a major role to play in Demetrio’s life. Finally, there is â€Å"War Paint. † A very jealous and bold woman, who is always ready to rob anyone in her path. She uses sex to manipulate men and get what she wants. For example, at one point in the story Demetrio is ready to take her to a hotel after drinking heavily. She challenges his manhood by saying that a real man of his standing would find the best house in town, take it over by force if necessary and spend the night there. Thus, they spend the night in one of the best houses in town, and War Paint proceeds to rob it after entertaining Demetrio. It seems to me that the only person somewhat sincere with the revolution is Demetrio. After all he is the only one not willing to run away. He stands his ground and fights for what he believes in, despite the fact that the importance and force of revolution had lost its steam, and knowing in the end that he is outnumbered and will not survive. 1Cogan, Allan . The Underdogs (Los de Abajo): A Novel of the Mexican Revolution by Mariano Azuela. Retrieved from www. mexconnect. com

The Battle of D-Day :: essays research papers

The Battle of D-Day Introduction I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What were the events that happened before D-Day? A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When would the invasion happen? B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The build up of men, boats, and planes in England. C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The invasion was postponed. II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The invasion begins. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When and where did the invasion happen? B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What happened at the five landing sites? C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What went wrong? III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The invasion ends. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How long did it take? B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How many men were lost? Conclusion Final Thesis: D-Day was a prominent event in history, and there were many events that happened on and before that day.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Have you ever been a part of something big? Maybe a it was a big game or something very important. Well I will be telling you about the D-Day invasion. All of the people that took part in this invasion had that feeling of being part of something big. This battle marked the being of the end of World War II. D-Day was a prominent event in history, and there were many events that happened on and before that day.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Allied nations had chosen May 1944 for the invasion. There were problems with making the landing crafts, which forced postponement until June. Eisenhower, on May 17, fixed June 5, as the day for the invasion. Eisenhower and his subordinates decided on a 24-hour delay. This required the recall of ships that had already gone to sea. Then on the morning of June 5, the Ok was given for the invasion to start.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were five beaches that were going to land on, each with its own code name. The first beach on the right was code named â€Å"Utah†. The second beach from the right was â€Å"Omaha†. â€Å"Gold† was the center beach. The second beach from the left was code named â€Å"Juno†. â€Å"Sword† Beach was the beach farthest on the left.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  James Martin Stagg was the chief meteorological adviser to General Dwight D. Eisenhower. Stagg was the head of the committee of meteorologists, who’s job it was to forecast weather conditions in the English Channel during the days and weeks leading up to D-Day. The landing was to be any day between June 5 and 7. The first day of June saw low-laying rain clouds, high winds, and stormy seas, which would disrupt the crossing of the Channel on the morning of June 4. Eisenhower who postponed the invasion do to weather. That night Stagg told Eisenhower that the weather should be ok on the 6th of June. Eisenhower listened to him and the invasion toke place on June 6,1944.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"As it happened, weather did not seriously disrupt the D-Day landings, though the poor conditions had lulled the German defenders into thinking that an Allied

Comparison of the Fantasies and Daydreams of Michael and Walter Mitty Essay

Michael and Walter Mitty are two men who use fantasies and daydreams to escape from their unhappy lives. They both use them to improve their own experience. Both men are seen as weak, seen as failures by the rest of the world. They both are in denial. Walter Mitty’s fantasies stem from boredom and are used to boost his self-esteem. â€Å"I never see a man could hold his brandy like you, sir.† In his fantasies, he plays the character of someone superior, a rebel, or a lifesaver, such as a Commander, a doctor, a criminal, or a Captain. The complete opposite of who he is, a nobody. He changes himself completely because he is unhappy with who he is as a person. Walter is not as clever as his characters; â€Å"Coreopsis has set in.† When Walter says this, he thinks he is sounding clever as he is â€Å"performing an operation† but he is not bright because coreopsis is a flower. Michael needs his fantasies to survive desperate situations. He is lonely â€Å"I am not an attractive companion† and has no job. Michael uses his fantasies to deny his situation, to have something he doesn’t have in real life. He imagines a family, a successful business, and a large house. These are not unrealistic dreams, they could have happened, but in Michael’s case they did not. â€Å"My Castle is not a splendid place, but it is very comfortable, and it has a warm and cheerful air, and it is quite a picture of Home.† Michael cares more about the people there, his family, and his perception of home than material comforts. â€Å"I have enough and am above all moderate wants and anxieties.† Walter is married and feels smothered by his wife who hassles him and feels there is something wrong with him for losing himself in his fantasies. â€Å"It’s one of your days. I wish you’d let Dr Renshaw check you over.† This may anger and annoy him, which pushes him even further into his fantasies. He never involves her in his daydreams, which suggests that he is not close to her and would rather be alone. Michael almost had a happy marriage but Christiana betrayed him. After her he had no other partner and is lonely, he wants a family. Walter feels inferior to other men. â€Å"They’re so damn cocky†¦They think they know everything.† Walter tries to do a ‘man’ thing by taking the chains off his own car, but fails. When he sees a young, grinning man take them off easily he feels annoyed that he, himself cannot. In his fantasies, he is a strong man, or a smart man. He uses his fantasies to deny his personality. Michael’s fantasy starts when he is asked to start a story to entertain his relations but from the depth, length, detail and thought gone into this dream, we know he has thought about this many times before. Walter’s are triggered by certain pictures or situations. Driving his car triggers a fantasy involving a Navy plane, a hospital triggers him into a doctor, and the Waterbury trial triggers a trial situation where he is a gun-shooting criminal. Pictures of bombing planes and ruined streets trigger a pilot fantasy. Michael’s dreams are set in his castle, his home. The scene does not change. â€Å"I reside, mostly, in a †¦ Castle.† Walter’s are set in different locations, on different levels, the ground, and in the air, â€Å"hurtling eight-engined Navy hydroplane† â€Å"in the courtroom† and â€Å"door of the dugout.† This suggests Walter wanted to be as far away, from where he is now as possible. Michael’s fantasies are about family, about others. About who he wishes he could be with, his grandchildren, children, wife and his business partner and his family. About closeness with friends and family. â€Å"It is very pleasant of an evening, when we are all assembled together – which frequently happens.† Walter’s revolve around himself. What he does, how he saves people or places and in one dream about what he has done to another person. Michael’s could have happened if it wasn’t for decisions made by two people, Christiana and his business partner. Walter’s are pure fantasy, which get facts and words wrong. Michael’s and Walter’s fantasies are an escape from their humdrum lives to a happier place where they would rather be.

John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham

The idea of utilitarianism has been advocated by John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham. Both thinkers base their theories of morality upon the Greatest Happiness Principle, or the principle of Utility. This principle is one that views actions as right and moral to the extent that they promote pleasure and exclude pain. It sees rightness and wrongness as existing on a continuum, upon which neither is necessarily exclusive of the other.Therefore, society’s maximization of utility consists in the achievement of the highest possible concentration of pleasure while minimizing the amount of pain deriving from any action or law. Jeremy Bentham described the total pleasure to be derived from an action as something that could be computed through tallying its intensity, duration, and the speed with which the pleasure occurs after the act is performed. This computation would also include the likelihood of the pleasure to avoid harm or pain.Bentham also advocated a principle of utility that presents a balance between self interest (or enlightened self interest) and altruism. In contrast to this, John Stuart Mill’s theory of utilitarianism introduced methods that would make altruism more likely to produce the greatest good than Bentham’s self-interested utilitarianism. As demonstrated earlier, Mill’s own version of utilitarianism is very similar to that of Jeremy Bentham. Yet, it does offer some very significant differences. One of the problems that utilitarianism faces is based on one of its minor premises.While it might be possible to agree that actions should be performed based on their ability to secure the greatest happiness for the largest number of people, uncertainty often arises when one attempts to locate the action that actually contains this merit. This is where Mill’s principle of utility deviates from Bentham’s. While Bentham, as stated above, advocated the idea of the quantification of happiness, Mill’s theory op erates under the explicit assumption that quantification of pleasures is not always possible.According to Mill, the differences between some pleasures are differences in kind and not of degree. Therefore, in several cases, qualitative (as opposed to quantitative) judgments have to be made between and among different pleasures. In such cases, Mill argues that only a person familiar with both types of pleasures would be qualified to pass judgment and declare one of higher value than another. This deviation from Bentham’s basic theory of utilitarianism allows Mill further leeway to introduce a major difference between the base pleasures of the body and the higher intellectual pleasures of the mind.These intellectual pleasures are ones that will allow for an altruistic type of utilitarianism. This type of utilitarianism has the ability to sacrifice the pleasure of the primary individual, when it has been determined that the sacrifice will lead to pleasure for a larger group of pe rsons. In slight contrast to this, Bentham’s utilitarianism espouses the theory of enlightened self interest, which places the primary individual on the same level as all other individuals.While Bentham’s theory is not a completely self-interested theory, the theory of utility proposed by Mill gives the individual more freedom and opportunity to make choices that are of benefit to others rather than himself. Primarily, Mill distinguishes between the types of behaviors that would promote such actions and actually gives more weight to the type of intellectual pleasure that may be derived from them. Therefore, the total happiness gained from self-sacrifice according to Bentham would amount to the aggregation of the bodily pleasures given to others by the primary person’s sacrifice.According to Mill, however, the pleasure gained from that scenario would be even greater than computed by Bentham, as it would also consist of the greater intellectual pleasure gained by the person who acts sacrificially. It can therefore be concluded that Mill’s version of utilitarianism presents altruism as a method of accruing more happiness than that presented by Bentham’s version—which advocates enlightened self interest. Reference Author’s Last Name. First Initial. (Year of publication). Morality and the human predicament. City of Publication: Publisher.

What You Need to Know About Changing Careers With Expert Norine Dagliano

What You Need to Know About Changing Careers With Expert Norine Dagliano If you’re looking for a job, you probably already know about Norine Dagliano. A coach and hiring expert who writes  on  ekm Inspirations, Norine shared with us some insight into how to find a job and use job boards to help. What are some common motivations you see among people changing careers?I’ve worked with thousands of career changers; some are motivated by ambition, others by circumstances.Divorce, death of a spouse, changes in health, company lay-offs, or other life circumstances â€Å"motivate† people to examine where they are and decide to pursue another path.On a more positive note, there are professionals who retire, but are not ready to quit working. They  want to step back from a high-power career to move into an area with fewer pressures or pursue an earlier dream that got pushed to the back-burner. Veterans leaving a career in the military find themselves asking, â€Å"Now what?†- many military occupations do not translate to the privat e sector, so clearly a career change is in order.Then there are those who are motivated by sheer ambition and a belief that anything is possible- these are the job seekers that embrace change and go after it with gusto. Some have decided to go back to school and pursue a degree in a new field. Others have never let go of their dreams to work for themselves and have the confidence and support- emotional and sometimes monetary- to proactively plan a change and chart a course to make it happen.What’s the future of the career? Will we stick to one job still, or is the future in multiple careers?The career ladder is no longer a reality, nor  is the notion that one will have one job and one employer until he or she retires. Careers no longer follow straight lines; instead, they zig and zag, stop and start, step back and then forward.Forecasters predict that the average 21-year-old entering the workforce will make three to five career changes before leaving the workforce. Factor i n the reality that dozens of new occupations are introduced each year, and it only stands to reason that what one is doing now may not even be around in a few years or may take on a whole new look. Employers who are not willing to embrace this new workforce and recognize that knowledge, skills, and abilities often outweigh experience will overlook valuable talent and, in turn, fail to thrive.

Junk Food in School

Junk Food in School The article is about the school policy on junk food. In April 2014, the Department of Agriculture banned junk food sales at schools in the United States. In particular, the ban limits school cafeteria and  vending machine  from offering or selling students of foods that are high in fats, sugar, and calories or â€Å"junk food†. Junk food according to USDA is responsible for making millions of schoolchildren obese, a condition that is associated with a number of health  problems. Good examples of junk foods are soda, cheesecakes,  hotdogs, candies, potato chips, and any food that has little or no nutritional value. Study of obesity suggests that overweight and obese people are at risk of diabetes, coronary heart disease, a certain type of cancer, and tend to have a shorter life. Children with weight equal or greater than the 95th percentile are obese and likely to acquire a long-term chronic disease and psychosocial development problems. Poor food choices and consumption of junk food, a widely available, inexpensive, and effectively promoted on television and other media often cause obesity. Obesity, according to study is a disease linked to children’s poor nutrition and significant time spent on watching television. Junk food, on the other hand, is linked to weight gain and insulin resistance and therefore increased the risk of obesity and Type 2 diabetes. School Policy on Junk Food Evidently, there was no national policy regarding junk food in the United States before 2014 and therefore no reason for schools to create an internal policy on this matter. In fact, according to 2006 survey, only 25% of schools had a school  policy regarding junk food while a quarter of schools are developing #JunkFoodKids by allowing promotion and consumption of chocolate candy, cookies, pastries, baked goods, and soft drinks in schools. Some schools earned from vending machines that are so popular for their junk food content while others sell junk foods to the community so they can raise money. Schools with the junk food policy are commonly against vending machines and selling foods with little or no nutritional value. They raised funds from selling vegetables and fruits. The national policy restricting the sale of junk food at schools is a challenge to the majority of schools to create policies that could make a difference such as a junk-free school environment. Their role as educators should include teaching students on appropriate health choices, provide knowledge and encourage students on the benefits of nutritious food and exercise. You may be interested in: Remembering Our First Stage of Education Womens Right to Education Teachers and school staff are role models and therefore must be at the forefront of the junk food free school campus initiative. Operators of school cafeterias and vending machines should start thinking about students’ well-being rather than sales and profit. Teachers should be familiar with how junk food is marketed to kids, recognize junk food from tables, and the difference between subtle and not so subtle junk food. Similarly, school officials may consider a wellness policy that includes more innovative fundraising strategies, fairs, field trips, and athletic competitions. More importantly, they should not fall for advertising money and firmly reject the promotion of junk foods in their respective schools.

Discrimination and Prejudice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Discrimination and Prejudice - Essay Example These are mammoth challenges for the specialist communities, inclusive of social scientists, policy makers, governmental units, students of society, and members of minority and dominant groups. This situation urges for all these people, to contrive a way through which everybody can surface as a human being, and not as a specific color, class or creed. Where the social scientists need to develop ways and means which suit the humans of current times, the policy makers need to establish laws and regulations that are followed in letter and spirit. The students also need to play and instrumental role, as they are the grass-roots which shall develop or destruct the prejudice system in the next decades. Bias always in embedded in the foundations of a society, and needs to be tackled at that very level. As Chen clearly specifies through the example of what happened with Eboni. Discrimination of black children not being allowed to play simply because the place 'looks bad' is a horrendous representation of a society that preaches democracy and freedom to the rest of the world. Subsequently, the battle for the house acquisition goes on, not only with this family, but with many others, who keep on getting rejections because they are not visually and conceptually acceptable. Further, as is elucidated in the environment-based discrimination case as well, there is a colossal prejudice according to demographic data in the facilities and general well-being available to the minorities in the Los Angeles County. The fact of the matter is that ever since man has entered civilization, he has ceased to be 'civilized' in the context of equality. In most recent times, especially in the context of the US, this discrimination has been from the onset of colonization, and has turn a multitude of economic, political and social turns to take its shape as it is today. As a claimant of 'the land of opportunity', the country was eager to allow more and more people coming in, from all cultures, religions and background. And while the economic opportunity was there, there was a dearth of social acceptance and tolerance. Nonetheless, as the facts suggest, the minorities have also stayed on the threshold of economic independence, some thing which has lead to a major societal and class difference in a capitalist society. Resultantly, the minorities in the form of race and ethnic groups were segregated behind many glass walls and ceilings. Herein another problem can be highlighted as well. Though people with a strong willpower may well be able to deal with situations in a different manner, but everyday social psychology purports that people living in minority groups are likely to have low self-esteems. This is simply because they are being looked down upon, merely because of their lack of strength. And a lack of anything is likely to generate a challenge for the self-esteem of the individual. Self-esteem is a very integral personality concern, but issues of discrimination generate self-esteem challenges on a collective and communal level. Where this may also provide within the group, this also highlights the injustice being done at a wider scale, which affects a whole host of people. The Evolution of Ethnicity on the Social Map The land of opportunity as it was and is, has constantly witnessed the influx of people from all nationalities, religions, races and ethnic groups entering its

Policing and Minorities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Policing and Minorities - Essay Example African-Americans and Latinos are the victims of racial profiling in most cases. Certain officials like customs officials and airport officials also do racial profiling, disturbing the passengers. Policing targeting minorities are widespread. Thousands of complaints from African-Americans, Latinos and Asians have proved that racial profiling is a real happening. Victims of racial profiling are not only common people but also famous and rich people, celebrities, sports stars and people from all walks of life. There were cases when respected members of the society, like judges, lawyers, state legislators, and even representatives claimed that they were victims of racial profiling. This discriminatory stopping and checking by the police is disturbing thousands of pedestrians, innocent drivers, and shoppers and other helpless people across the nation. ‘War on Drugs’ as well as ‘War on Terror’ have given the police an excuse to suspect and check people whom they doubt as a terrorist or drug courier. This has resulted in several racial profiling issues. People will get humiliated and will lose their valuable time when they are unnecessarily stopped and checked by the police. Police has got a general belief that non-white people are mostly drug users and sellers. But studies (reports regarding police stops and checking) have revealed that people who are considered to be racially inferior are less likely to be having drugs or weapons with them compared to whites. Law enforcement agents are people who are having the policing authority for private or public purposes. Security guards at main offices or private institutions, police officers, and officers like airport security agents are having policing right which they misuse to create yet another racial discrimination issue. There were cases when airline pilots demanded people to disembark from the flights, as they suspected passengers because of their ethnicity. Nearly 10 million Asians (4 perce nt of the population) have already been victims of policing according to reports. Indians in America also had testified their complaints about stops and searches of local police. They complained about the vehicle check, (demanding license and registrations) and other checks done by police without any reasonable suspicion. Blacks as well as Latino pedestrians are stopped, questioned and checked without any reason (Juarez 2004). Non-white youths traveling in bikes are simply stopped and questioned for doing nothing wrong. There were incidents in which police dogs attacked non white civil rights protesters. Highway patrol canine units unnecessarily stop the vehicles claiming that they carry drugs. There exists a practice of threatening people of color by releasing dogs. Dogs are trained to attack and maul and are sent to attack people. Several hundreds of blacks and Latinos were attacked in different incidents. ‘Driving while black’ is a kind of policing that affects minor ities. This is an act of police haunting African-Americans for traffic stops as they think they are likely to be indulged in criminal activities. Even though racial profiling is illegal, Supreme Court (according to a decision taken in 1996) permits police to stop and examine motorists (their vehicles) to see whether they have weapons or illegal drugs with them (Juarez 2004). Stopping these people frequently will result in large number of arrests,

Pricing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pricing - Case Study Example The kind of retailing done on the Sainsbury’s website may not reflect the kind of perfect competition that online commentators had believed would happen. The products offered at Sainsbury’s are priced differently from local retailer’s shops. Some are more expensive while others are cheaper than in offline shops. The kinds of products sold differ almost daily. However, there are some products that have been on offer for quite a while. The consumers who buy from the website are not necessarily the same ones who frequent the off-line retail shops. The website also offers value added services which may not be offered in other websites selling the same kinds of products. For instance, in the Food and drinks section customers may have a look at free recipes provided by the website. The website can be summed up as the one stop online shop for anything that one might want. Perfect competition is the term that is used to describe the kind of market in which no market players can control the market or set prices for homogenous products. The principles of perfect competition are considered by many to be strict as they have to meet the following criteria: In a perfectly competitive market, there has to be a large supplier base. However, each of these suppliers has to have an insignificant market share. In this regard, it becomes too hard for the firm or supplier to be able to control price through its own supply network. Sainsbury’s is a single supplier of a large variety of products. The online company has a huge supply network that makes it easy to control its own products. The same case is replicated in many online retail businesses which have a large supply and customer base. This gives them the power to comfortably set their own pricing standards without having to rely on the pricing of the overall market. A perfect competitive market cannot happen in such an environment where the market players are not price takers, but price setters

Juvenile Justice Process and Corrections Essay Example for Free

Juvenile Justice Process and Corrections Essay The following research will discuss the juvenile process system. Starting with the intake process it will discuss each step of the process and the options the defendant will be given. There are concerns and certain weaknesses the process has where it may give opportunity of unlawful and informal negotiation may be occurring. It will also further discuss the considered factors that will determine the juvenile’s sentence. A recent example of the juvenile process is the case of the victim Michael Brewer, which was set on fire by five other teenagers in 2009 over a 40 dollar video game debt. Three out of the five accused were waived to adult court awaiting a criminal trial. Matthew Bent who initiated the burning of Michael Brewer requested a new trial on the grounds of jury misconduct. On October 2012 Deerfield Beach judge denied the request for insufficient evidence. In this particular case the accused crime were considered severe and were waived to adult court where they are less concerned in rehabilitation and more concerned in sentencing a proper punishment for their crimes. The victim was ignited using rubbing alcohol and has suffered severe psychological impact from the even. According to Sun-Sentinel (2012) â€Å"He remembered the cool feeling of rubbing alcohol splashing on him. He remembered the burning sensation, the impulse to run and jump into the pool. He remembered wanting to stay in the water and seeing the first results of the horrific attack hed just endured.† Matthew Bent is suspected to attacking Michael Brewer for several reasons such as, forcing the victim to purchase an item, snitching, and attempting to steal Michael Brewers fathers bicycle. Denver Jarvis an accomplice to the crime pored rubbing alcohol on Michael Brewer. On October 13, 2009 all the suspects were taken in to custody. On November 10, 2009 the major role players of the crime are charged as adults with second degree murder. Bent attorney tried to have the case waivered back to the juvenile system however it was declined. Intake officers screen juvenile cases to determine which should be prosecuted or sent to diversion programs. Intake is a screening that will determine if juvenile should be released, given a future court hearing, diversion programs, prosecution, or waiver to adult criminal court. Intake officers gather and create a social record of the accused and discuss options with the juvenile’s parents or guardian (Champion, 2010). The intake process is informal; while an attorney can be present it is not really necessary since the purpose of the procedure is to determine other attention the child may need other than the juvenile court system. Cases where the juvenile is released to their parents or cases dropped must be approved by the juvenile prosecutor. The release to a juvenile to parents or guardian may encompass terms and conditions that they should follow. This is a formal binding contract in which cases the contract is broken by either the juvenile or the parents the court has the right to continue with other punitive actions. Legal factors must be taken in to consideration prior to make these decisions. It is important to understand that each jurisdiction differ in their intake process. A growing concern during the intake process is that more defense attorneys have been attending this process and conversations that are similar to plea bargains are occurring with the intake officer. The outcome of the sentencing is determined by several different factors such as, seriousness, type of crime, age, and criminal record, evidence for and against the defendant. Many believe there are too many juvenile incarcerations occurring the public mandates to rehabilitate the juveniles, however little enfaces and importance is given to the type of funding the program needs. In conclusion, the juvenile justice system has a very similar process system except for the primary objective. The primary objective is to rehabilitate, whereas criminal courts do not focus on rehabilitating. Diversion programs and waivers are great options to find the ideal punishment for particular crimes. Juveniles have more options as to how to serve their sentence unless they are waivered in to criminal court. References Champion, D. J. (2010). The juvenile justice system: Delinquency, processing, and the law. (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. The Burning of Michael Brewer. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/broward/michaelbrewer/

Essays --

The story begins in the year 1984 in the nation of Oceania. Winston Smith is a low ranking Outer Party member working for a government system called the Party. The Party and it’s omniscient leader known as Big Brother, control everything including language, history, and it’s citizens. Everywhere Winston goes, he is being monitored by the Party through telescreens and by the Thought Police. The most recent implementation of the Party’s control over the nation has been the creation of Newspeak, an attempt to prevent political rebellion by eliminating all words that relate to it. Rebellion is the ultimate crime a citizen can commit, and even thoughts about rebellion are illegal. While working in the Ministry of Truth, a branch of the Party that controls and alters history, Winston begins to question the validity of the Party and it’s doctrines. He wishes for privacy and freedom but cannot express these feelings without fear of the Thought Police, who patrol thoughts and punish people who think poorly of the Party or it’s leader. In order to escape the Party’s tyranny, at least in his...

National Security Vs. Individual Rights Essay

No form of government can survive†¦ when the life of the nation is at stake.† Because I agree with Clinton Rossiter, I affirm the resolution that When the United States is engaged in military conflict, the demands of national security ought to supersede conflicting claims of individual rights. Definitions from Encarta World English Dictionary Engaged in Military Conflict means fighting open warfare. Demands of national security means protection against loss, attack, or harm to the citizens. Ought to supersede means that there is a duty or obligation to take the place or position of something. Conflicting means not able to be followed or acted on, because each requires different and incompatible actions. Claims of individual rights are demands for entitlements, freedoms, or privileges a person has. Before I begin, I have an observation about the resolution. The demands of national security and claims to individual rights must be viewed as legitimate. Because the resolution says ought, we are debating about whether or not national security is a justifiable cause to limit rights. I am upholding SOCIAL WELFARE as my value. Societal welfare is the conditions under which somebody may live satisfactorily in a community. The criterion upholding my value is the PRESERVATION OF SOCIAL ORDER. The United States has the obligation to its citizens to preserve the society by acting on the demands of national security. Contention I: Government is created to preserve welfare by restricting individual rights. Before government was created, we live in what John Locke called the state of nature. In this state of nature, humans were absolutely free. However, we are not able to enjoy these rights because we are not provided safety. We enter a government in order to preserve life, liberty, and property. Locke states: â€Å"[Man] gives up [self-power] to be regulated by laws made by the society, so far forth as the preservation of himself, and the rest of that society shall require; which laws of the society in many things confine the liberty he had by the law of nature.† Even when man is in harmony with government, certain individual rights are limited. When in military conflict, however, justice and security are both compromised, and something must be done to protect them. Contention II: Government must provide for the safety of the society during war by further restricting rights. The highest obligation a government has is to provide the protection of its citizens, and certain rights that may be allowed in less vulnerable times may jeopardize national security during military conflict. Because new forces endanger the society, new measures must be taken to preserve societal order. Jean Jacques Rousseau affirms this. â€Å"Only the greatest dangers can outweigh that of changing the public order, and the sacred power of the laws should never be interfered with except when the safety of the country is at stake.† Even certain constitutional rights may be temporarily superceded during these times. Political Science Professor Martin Shaffer explains: â€Å"To meet the challenge of a major emergency, the barriers against omnipoten t government established by the constitution must oftentimes be transcended.† Contention III: Government has the duty to protect its citizens. When the government restricts rights, it does so to provide security to its citizens. Assuming, as we should under this resolution, that national security is at risk, government, by entering this social contract with its people, has the overall obligation to protect societal welfare. It must restrict certain freedoms of expression, privacy, and due process if it will protect the people. Security must come before rights. Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs places security just above physical needs such as food, water, and shelter. Without security first, rights become invalid and government is unable to function. Men cannot respect a government that does not preserve society. In conclusion, as a legitimate government, the United States has the obligation to protect societal welfare. Because it must protect its citizens above all, temporary infringements on rights are necessary.

Target Case Study

Case Study: Target Adriana Gonzalez Principles of Marketing Statement of the Problem(s) In this particular case, there is one major dilemma and all other problems seemed to have risen from this one. For the past few years there has been a recession globally. In the year 2008, the recession was at its peak and all industries suffer tremendously. For many years Target grew at a much faster pace than Wal-Mart, but the economy made a radical turn affecting everyone. Target rapidly started to experience low sales as the time pass.As a result, the most important shareholder, William Ackman, demanded a rapid and effective strategy to bring Target’s sales up once again (Armstrong & Kotler, 2012). Summary of the Facts * Target is known for its products in style and fashion. * Numerous designer product lines. * Customers view Target as a retail store with higher prices * Target’s customers went for the lower prices at its competitors retail store * Wal-Mart changed is mission sta tement to â€Å"Save money. Live better. † it mimics Target’s mission statement (Armstrong & Kotler, 2012). While Target’s image of higher quality products remained, Wal-Mart use â€Å"rollbacks† to attract customers. * Target started to greet customers with value messages and big signs promoting sale products (Armstrong & Kotler, 2012). Target’s mission statement has been, â€Å"Expect More. Pay Less. † After the recession the company focused on the â€Å"Pay Less† part of their slogan. At the middle of the year 2008, Target had experienced three quarters of same-store sales growth (Armstrong & Kotler, 2012). Customers did not respond as rapidly as the company hoped.They seemed to be more interested in low prices than quality. Wal-Mart took over Target’s customers during the recession. Analysis The CEO, Gregg Steinhafel, came up with a strategy to help the business. Using the same mission statement, they focused on the â€Å" Pay Less† part of it. On the other hand, Wal-Mart’s new mission statement seemed to fit perfectly with customers during this difficult economy crisis. Target’s competitor closed its quarterly sale-store sales with an increase of five percent during 2008, while Target had no increases (Armstrong & Kotler, 2012).After months of urging the new strategy the company finally got results. New advertising help the company move forward in the industry. Target launched a new brand named â€Å"up & up,† which was a thirty percent lower than comparable brand names. The company also decided to introduce fresh foods that were not as expensive as its competitors. Target’s stock went up twenty-seven percent since 2010, when they introduced fresh foods (Young, 2012). Now customers could to all their shopping at Target without hesitating to make another stop at the grocery store.For the past five years Target and Wal-Mart have been the strongest competitors in the re tail industry. Target suffered the first couple of years, but has climbed up to its competitor’s level. The company was in critical condition when the most important shareholder, William Ackman, demanded effective results. Ackman stated, â€Å"It should be a business that does well, even in tough economic times† (Armstrong & Kotler, 2012). After Ackman’s statement the CEO, Steinhafel, sharpened its strategy by advertising new television commercials with catchy music.Promoting new ads and adding a Target brand helped Target to raise its sales to five percent with profits of fifty-four percent increase (Armstrong & Kotler, 2012). Meanwhile, Wal-Mart focused on low price strategy to save people money. Target on the other hand commits to a higher marketing expenditure and considers its customers guests (Wal-Mart and Target, 2011). After all, many customers continue to shop at Target because of its higher quality products. Recommendations Target is not the only busin ess that was harmed due to the recession. On the contrary, it was one of the businesses that survived those tough years.There were losses in the company, not just financially, it also lost many customers. There were obviously changes that needed to be made quickly and intelligently. The CEO, Steinhafel, made a wise decision when it came to emphasizing differently the current slogan. Customers might have had a different perspective of the store and its products. They may not recognize Target as a high quality and fashionable retail store, but as a retail store that lost its faith in its mission statement. â€Å"Expect More,† is the most important part of the mission statement because customers expect more when they shop at Target.Target’s customers still had that image of better quality but now at lower prices. When it comes to promotion and advertising, the company could have done more on this portion. As the company started to advertise more television commercials and weekly newspaper circulars, the customers soon responded to them. Customers liked the idea of ads showing ordinary people consuming Target’s products (Armstrong & Kotler, 2012). After eighteen long months of pushing forward the strategy Target finally got results. Customers would have responded positively if these promotions were at their reach months earlier.The company’s number one priority needs to be our customers’ demands, wants, and needs. Target’s strategies need to focus around our customers in order to maintain sales and profits. The shortages of concentration on promotion lead to a longer crisis for Target. By researching our customers wants and needs the company can accomplish greater profits. The company cannot set aside the importance of marketing process and marketing mix. Managers have to motivate everyone in the organization to help built customer relationships. Target’s success lies on strong customer-focused and heavily committed to marketing.References Armstrong, G. , & Kotler, P. (2012). Principles of Marketing (pp. 94-95). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Wal-Mart and Target: Strategic Differences. (2011). Retrieved February 19, 2013, from http://www. ftsmodules. com/public/texts/valuationtutor/VTehn3/tonic8/tonic8htm. Young, A. (2012 August, 23). Target Vs. Wal-Mart: Target Wins on Pricing, Barely, And Probably Not for Long. Retrieved February 19, 2013, from http://ibtimes. com/target_vs_wal-mart_target_wins_prining_barely_and_probably_not_long_htm.